Fahrenheit 451 By Bradbury Essays - Solomon, Fahrenheit 451

Fahrenheit 451 By Bradbury In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag is given the choice to memorize many books. He is also given the choice to learn many different pieces from the Bible. Ecclesiastes is a great choice for Montag to memorize. There are many different bits of information from Ecclesiastes that are very similar to the several details and events that occur in Fahrenheit 451. Ecclesiastes talks about vanity in man's private life, vanity in civil life, and also, true wisdom. All of these are heavily cited in the book. This is why I feel that Montag should have memorized Ecclesiastes. Vanity in man's private life was a major theme in the book. Just look at how Mildred complained about not having a fourth TV wall. She wanted all four walls to have TV's, so that not only would her "family" be complete, but also so that they could join the ranks of the"higher" society. This is a major example of how vain Mildred is. She wants Montag to go to work when he was sick, because she wants the money to go out and buy another TV. She wants to be completely absorbed by her "family". Since Montag has experience in this part of life he can relate his experiences and integrate what he knows to what he has memorized from Ecclesiastes. Vanity in civil life is another big theme in Fahrenheit 451. In Ecclesiastes it states "Vain and cheerless is life because of the iniquity which reigns in the halls of justice (iii, 16-22), as well as in the intercourse of men (iv, 1-3)." The people have guilt for what they do, especially when it is something that is against the law. In the book, Montag feels guilty for saving some of the books and keeping them at his home. He also feels guilty being around Beatty. Montag feels like he is deceiving Beatty and his fellow firemen. He knows that he is at some fault here, but he cannot shake the feeling that his society is keeping something from him and everyone else. Montag feels that the books contain the answers to these questions. With his experience, once again he would be well equipped to relate to Ecclesiastes. Following along with the other themes of the book is true wisdom. True wisdom is not to attempt to solve all the riddles of life, but instead enjoy what is known, and share that wisdom. With the knowledge of Ecclesiastes, Montag could help better his society. He could change things. It is also said that one should not lose his or her temper. Montag remained very composed throughout the entire book, so I feel that he could handle this task. He also follows advice well, and he works diligently. Ecclesiastes really would be perfect for him to memorize. Montag is given the choice to memorize many great works, including the Bible. Ecclesiastes is a wonderful choice for Montag to memorize. It talks about vanity in man's private life, vanity in civil life, and also, true wisdom. All of these are heavily cited in the book. There are many different bits of information from Ecclesiastes that are very similar to the several details and events that occur in Fahrenheit 451. And this is why I feel that Montag should have memorized Ecclesiastes.

Essay on World War 2 Essays - Nazism, Chancellors Of Germany

Essay on World War 2 Essays - Nazism, Chancellors Of Germany Essay on World War 2 War is one of the most tragic things in our world today. It is even sadder that usually it comes around at least once in our lifetime. In the 20th century alone we have already had two huge wars. These wars were call the World Wars simply because they involved most of the big countries of the world. Many people have died in these wars.. especially the second World War. That is my focus for this essay. The leader of Germany at the time of WW2 and the person who most think started WW2 was a man named Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria. By the time that World War 1 started in 1914, he was living in Germany. He served well in the German Army and for that he earned a medal for bravery. At the end of the war Hitler decided to take up politics. By 1921 he was already the founding leader of the Nazi party. Hitler was an incredibly racist man and he had a great hate for Jews. By 1933, Hitler gained political power by winning the election. Soon after he made himself absolute dictator, calling himself the Fuhrer which means "Leader". By the end of the 30's he was already sending Jews off too concentration camps to meet a horrible death. I believe that Hitler was one of the greatest causes of World War 2. Although there are many other reasons, he was definitely one of them. Another reason was the Treaty of Versailles. This was the treaty that was signed at the end of World War 1. This treaty outlined the rules that Germany must follow because of their defeat by Britain and France. Many Germans were angered by the treaty, for most of the rules in the treaty were unfair and Germany lost a great amount of wealth. One of the cruelest reasons for the war was Hitler's racist hate for Jews. He would send them off in cattle cars to places called concentration camps were they would be slaughtered by the thousands. World War 2 was huge and involved a lot of countries. There were thousands of battlefronts and warsites. The two main battlefronts were the battle front between Britain and Germany and the battlefront between the Japanese and the Americans. These battlefronts were split up into smaller battlefronts even still. Many lives were lost in the air, on land and in the sea. Some of the most notable battles were: The Battle of Britain, The Battle of Midway and The Battle of the Atlantic. Since the US and Canada were at war with the Japanese, Japanese Canadians were treated very poorly. The government had decided that all or most Japanese Canadians, even if they were born in Canada had either go home or go and live in one of the camps. These camps were made to keep all the Japanese Canadians together in one location. But the fact was that these camps were very dirty and not fair treatment. Also, the government took away all Japanese possessions and without the Japanese knowing, they were auctioned off at a fraction of their original value! This treatment went on for all of World War 2 and Japanese Canadians were not treaty fairly for many years after. Just recently the government of Canada has decided to pay compensation for their losses but most agree that it doesn't even come close to what they lost. One of the greatest outcomes of the war was the great world power shift. For more than a century Great Britain had been the wealthiest and most powerful nation in the world. But they used up too many resources in the wars and their status greatly decreased. One person even wrote that it is not Great Britain any more... it is just Britain. People all over the world suffered through this war. Hundreds of thousands of people died. All for the sake of their countries. And you know what? No one actually gained anything from it. The fact is that all of the countries (excluding the US) lost much, much more than what they gained. Britain lost their power, France lost lives and land, Germany lost everything and Japan lost thousands of civilians in their suicidal attacks called Kamikazes. In my opinion the war was a total waste. Although some people will tell you that we fought and gained the peace that we have today and have had for almost fifty years. People fought for

Customer Supply Chain Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Customer Supply Chain - Assignment Example It has been noted that corporate and business level strategy has often overlooked the manufacturing function (Kotha and Orne, 1989). Indeed, Skinner (1969) claimed the focus of corporate strategy on a firm's business mix and short-term profitability had eroded the manufacturing infrastructure and its potential link with long-term profitability. Meanwhile, business level strategy has focused primarily on product positioning (Mintzberg, 1988) and has generated only limited discussion on how to actually produce a product or service that fits the prescribed Position (i.e., Porter's value chain (1985) and Kotha and Orne (1989). Now, however, banks are implementing a new type of supply chain management, where the firm views the supply channel as a whole system instead of concentrating on each part of the process. The bank focuses on all efforts, from the development of new products to their launch and successful implementation for the valued customers. This allows more communication to exist within the organisation and problems to be more easily identified. (DeCovny 2003) I shall show that implementing effective supply chain management is an advantage for banks that provide services. ... (Andraski, 1998) A case study from the Banking industry will be used to reinforce the importance and value of supply chain management in the service sector. I shall evaluate implementation steps and the benefits and limitations of supply chain management. Finally, a discussion of our conclusions on the subject of supply chain management in the service industry is provided (Ellram, 1991) Supply chain management has emerged as one of the major areas for companies to gain a competitive edge. Managing supply chains effectively is a complex and challenging task, due to the current business trends of expanding product variety, short product life cycle, increasing outsourcing, globalisation of businesses, and continuous advances in information technology. The Internet has contributed to both the increasing needs and opportunities for improved supply chain management. With the Internet, companies in a supply chain can be connected in real time with information and knowledge shared continuously, new products and services can be designed to fit special market segments, and new supply chain structures can be developed to serve customers in a more direct manner. When a company faces the pressure of excessive inventory, degraded customer service, escalating costs and declining profits, or a poor return on assets, its supply chain is out of control. On the other hand, when a company moves in to new markets or new technologies, it must have its supply chain prepared for the new business challenges and opportunities. Although there are many new supply chain concepts and fads designed to exploit the advantages of the Internet, successful companies understand that the right supply chain strategy is dependent on a number of factors: - The strategy needs to be tailored to meet

Spanish Film Review Movie Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spanish Film - Movie Review Example Ignacio approaches the priest at the Catholic School where he attended as a boy and confronts Father Manolo, who molested Ignacio when he was a boy at the school. Ignacio threatens Manolo with publishing a fictionalized account of the molestation. Enrique is intrigued with this script because it accurately represented what happened to the real Ignacio, however, he suspects that the man who presented the script was not really Ignacio. His suspicions prove correct, and it turns out that Father Manolo, with the help of Ignacio’s brother Juan (who is now posing as Ignacio), murdered Ignacio by giving Ignacio pure heroin which caused an overdose. This was ironic, because, at Enrique’s urging, the ending to the script was changed to where the priest had Ignacio killed. This film is reflective of Spanish culture, in that the culture has become more liberalized with regards to homosexuality and homosexual themes. Therefore, the protagonist, Enrique, can be portrayed sympathetically, even though he is a homosexual. It also is timely, in that it’s focus is on priestly pedophilia, and this is a topic which is currently in the news on a regular basis. The sexual issues in the film enhance the story because these issues show the problems created by pedophiliac priests. One has the suspicion that perhaps Ignacio would not have the problems that he had in life- the drug problem, the sexual identity problems, etc. – if the priest did not molest him. Therefore, the sexual issues in the film give clarity and focus to the central themes.

The Specter of Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Specter of Terrorism - Essay Example Example: Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Taliban, Hezbollah, Tehrik-i-Taliban in Pakistan and Armed Islamic Group of Algeria. Offensive acts commonly committed by groups of terrorists are bombing in public places, raping women, kidnapping, torturing, wounding and murdering of civilians, political leaders, journalists and other distinguished characters in the society. Initiatives taken by the nations for abolishing terrorism can thus be highly justifiable. Particularly the United States and United Nations are giants and play significant roles in controlling the acts of terrorism in today’s world. This paper examines the increasing of terrorism in America and Middle East and the role on UN in resolving the problems associated with world terrorism. Involvement of US and UN in the security and political matters of other countries especially in the Middle East seems to have lead by other interests than terrorism. Example: US army invading Iraq in March 2003 is highly obscure. Initially Iraq was p resumed to cause a significant threat on the regional security of Middle East. Allegations made against Iraqi president were developing Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) example, nuclear and chemical weapons and not cooperating with the international observers who were agents of the United Nations. Saddam Hussein who was the president during that time rejected all the allegations made by the US. Regardless of the president’s rejections UN placed sanctions upon trading with Iraq and later the war was declared. After a year Charles Duelfer who is an adviser of Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) stated that Iraqi nuclear program was actually eliminated in 1991 and Saddam Hussein was right in rejecting the allegations made by the UN. One can argue that the former president of Iraq died fighting to protect the rights of his country’s sovereignty. And that US army was the actual terrorist who unlawfully used weapons against Iraqi population and its president. Further, no effo rt was taken to compensate the injustice caused by US against Iraq during the war. In a household survey carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Iraqi health ministry in 2007, it was revealed that the cost of human lives which were lost during the war is much higher than the cost of terrorism operated in Iraq. Initially the number of Iraqi civilian deaths has been not recorded by the international organizations. The actual cost of destroying the physical infrastructure and human capital had been carefully excluded from all the war accounts. Nevertheless the above survey revealed that US troops had killed civilians during the first two years of the war much more than the terrorist group al-Qaida ever did in Iraq (Steele and Goldenberg, 2008). The death toll of Iraqi civilians in fact exceeded one million. Moreover, the death toll of Iraqi children during the trade sanctions placed by the UN was half a million which exceeds the killings of actual nuclear bombing occ urred in Hiroshima (Albright, 1996). The opportunity cost of fighting in Iraq was substantially high for America as well. Example: The cost of fighting ten days in Iraq is equal to funding the continent of Africa for a year and eliminating illiteracy in the world (Crawley, 2008). Clearly the approach adapted by international governing bodies for ending the terrorism in the Middle East has many drawbacks. It is provocative and unjust in many ways. In a global economy where people die in starvation pumping millions of dollars

Terrorism and Religion in Kenya

Terrorism and Religion in Kenya EXPLORATION OF THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN TERRORISM RELIGION AND THE IMPACT ON PEACE STABILITY IN KENYA 1. Introduction 1.1 Background to the Research The growing trends of terrorism in Africa, and in the region of Inter-Governmental Authority on Development [IGAD] in particular within which Kenya finds itself, have become a serious concern for security. Its impact on peace and economic development is significantly negative. Many lives have been lost, and fear and anxiety in the people is slowly creeping in. Kenya serves as an epitome of the phenomenon of terrorism taking place in the globe, and the IGAD region in particular. All these reasons necessitated the undertaking of this research at the micro level (i.e., Kenya). Through this study, the authors hope to present a complete grasp of the nature of terrorism and its development in Kenya, with a view to making contributions towards the knowledge of terrorism and addressing it. It is difficult to give a universally acceptable definition of terrorism. Because of its dependence on the historical contexts it appears, its definition is embedded in one’s political position and ideological or religiousviews. What one may call terrorism in one context another may consider it a legitimate action. This poses a challenge to term an actor a ‘terrorist’.Some governments, groups and individuals use terrorising activities for different purposes. For these reasons, here the term ‘terrorism’ rather than ‘terrorist’ is preferred. Terrorism is, therefore, a set of premeditated actions or strategies adopted by non-state (groups or individuals) or state actors against ordinary and targeted notable people to further certain political, social, or religious purposes (Sandler, 2011; Ramsbotham, Woodhouse and Miall, 2011). Without prejudice to state and government terrorist activities existing in some non-democratic countries, this research will focus more on the violent activities perpetrated by the non-state actors. The actors in terrorism use strategies intended to causeextreme anxiety and fear in a wider population, who – theactors hope – wouldin turn pressurize their governments into acceding to the perpetrator/s’ demands. We consider ‘terrorist act’ any form of action that intentionally force people into submission to the will and wish of the actor under the pain of physical and psychological harm (including destruction of life and property). Terrorist activities are not recent phenomenon, although the magnitude of its violence and casualties of our time is impressive. Today, at the dawn of the 21st century, the world experiences the era of the politico-religious wave terrorism. Putting aside the harrowing and terrorizing local experiences of terrorist activities in individual countries throughout the world (e.g., pogroms, criminal activities of groups, of drag cartels and gangs, and state sponsored activities in some countries), the major â€Å"waves of terrorism†(Rapoport, 2008) indicate the growing trends of terrorism globally. Today’s form of terrorism has grown more complicated and transnational, which the IGAD region and Kenya in particular experiences. The experience of Africa of the politico-religious terrorism is recent and growing phenomenon. It is continuing in some countries and emerging in other countries of the Continent. In Northern Africa, it has been off and on: Algeria Mali, Niger and Mauritania have been struggling with Al Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb since 2001, with another break away branch â€Å"Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa† (MOJWA) in mid-2011 led by a black African, perhaps in reaction to Algerian Arab domination. It remains an al Qaida inspired group. Egypt has a long experience of on-and-off attacks. Somalia in Eastern Africa has been a place for the new breed of terrorism, Al Shabab with links to Al Quida. The Boko Haram, a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist sect began in 2002 with one Mohammed Yusuf in Maiduguri, the capital of the north-eastern state of Borno, Nigeria, with a complex religious school that attracted young people from the country and its neighbours. The students came mainly fr om poor Muslim families. It has moved to a radical militant Islamist movement, a salafist jihadi group with the influence of Wahhabi creed, with expressed claim of commitment to the propagation of the teaching of Prophet and Jihad, and strict adherence to sharia law, and with vision of changingNigeria into an Islamic state. It is continuing with devastating activities in Nigeria, particularly since 2009,and now (in 2014) expanding even into northern Cameroon. The IGAD region of Africa is rife with terrorism perpetrated by the non-state actors.IGAD region comprises eight countries, namely Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda, with its headquarters in Djibouti City. It was founded in 1986 to address the serious sufferings and challenges caused by famine, natural disasters, and economic hardships in the Eastern Africa Region. Today, with its new organisational structure, the member countries cooperate in the areas of foodsecurity and environmental protection; promotion and maintenance of peace and security and humanitarian affairs; and economic cooperation and integration (IGAD, http://igad.int/). The region has an estimated population of 242,226,382 according to the July 2014 CIA’s The World Factbook, and suffers constant threat of terrorism, the experience of which is being deeply felt in Kenya Kenya’s population, according The World Factbook, is estimated to be 45,010,056.The Christians account for the majority of the population (82.5%), followed by Muslims (11.1%) according to the Population and Housing Census of 2009. In the IGAD region, Kenya it has been the host of the largest refugee population, although at the moment with the flow of South Sudanese refugees Ethiopia contains slightly more refugee population. Kenya has experienced terrorism by non-state actors since 1950s. The shifta activities in the northern Kenya, and the ensuing state actions were forms of terrorism. Today, Kenya suffers from both national and transnational acts of politico-religious terrorism. The country has been employing different mechanisms of addressing the problem of non-state form of terrorism, mainly focusing on military means but also in recent times through constitutional reforms to address the sources. These have not shown reduction in terrorism; the experience of nationalist form of terrorism is continuing; the politico-religious form of terrorism is rising. Globally, the period starting from the 2004 pick of terrorism incidents to 2008 showed a considerable decline in international terrorist attacks(Ramsbotham et al., 2011, p. 80). But the situations today in the Middle East, the Persian Gulf, northern Africa, and the IGAD regionare no consolation to us. It shows the exponential rise of terrorism in these parts of the regions of the world. The 2014 Global Peace Index Report concludes: â€Å"The world has become less peaceful every year since 2008† (p. 2). This indicates the importance of better understanding of the nature of the conflict and its trends to be able to face the challenge. 1.2 Statement of the Problem Kenya faces a more aggressive, dynamic and destructive form of terrorism with tactics causing a great physical, psychological, and economic damages to the society. The approaches that have been used so far appear to be ineffective. There is a need to assess the nature of terrorism and the mechanisms that have been applied in addressing it. 1.3 Purpose of the Study This research explores the nature of terrorism and mechanisms available in addressing it. 1.4 Objectives of the Study To determine the relationship between terrorism and religion To document trends in terrorism in Kenya To determine the effect of terrorism on peace and development To determine feasibility conditions of terrorism To determine mechanisms of combating terrorism 1.5 Research Questions What is the relationship between terrorism and religion? Are there trends in terrorism in Kenya? What effects does terrorism have on peace and development? What are the feasibility conditions of terrorism? What mechanisms are available in combating terrorism? 1.6 Theoretical Framework This research uses two complementary theories: theory of good governance and theory of strong state. (The assumptions of these theories will be added). 1.7 Justification of the Study To make contribution towards the knowledge of terrorism Offer comprehensive analysis on terrorism in Kenya for policy makers Offer recommendations relevant for the process of addressing the problem 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Understanding the Link between Religion and Terrorism In the literature, there seem to be two broad categories into which the scholars argue: those who consider religion as not being the cause of terrorism, but instead argue that the causes for violence are due to politics or societal problems (extreme poverty, hunger, etc.) (Jackson, 2007; Mamdani, 2002; Ehrlich Liu 2002; Frisch, 2005;Mousseau, 2002). The second category includes scholars who argue that religion is among the main driving forces of terror(Crenshaw, 2000; Pearce, 2005;Silberman, Higgins Dweck,2005;Cliteur, 2010; Rid, 2010; KruglanskiFishman, 2006; Horowitz, 2009). Both groups agree that that religion is not ‘the’ cause of terrorism. However, these authors have not investigated specific religious motivations involved in the terrorism. This research tries to examine more specifically the religious motivations provided by Islam that draws recruits in Kenya, so as to better understand and address the issue. 2.2 Feasibility conditions of Terrorism A number of factors breed terrorism. The most common factors cited in most of the literature include external support (Pillar, 2001; Campbell Flournoy, 2001), repressive governments (Regan, 2005;Bjoro, 2003; Netanyahu, 2001; Carson, 2005), extremist religious ideologies (CilliersSturman 2002;Moustapha, 2002), and socio-economic conditions among the Muslim populations (Campbell Flournoy, 2001; Pillar, 2001 ;Carson ,2005). 2.3 Impact of terrorism in Kenya Despite Kenya being a victim of repeated terrorist attacks, not much literature is available covering the impact the threat has had on the country in terms of peace and security. Some literature relevant to this research highlight the socioeconomic impacts of the threat (Lecey, 2004;Barkan Cooke, 2001; Muhula, 2007; Downing, 2006 ). This research to determine the extent to which terrorism has affected Kenya. 2.4 Combating Terrorism Some elements of an effective counterterrorism strategy relevant to this research, cited by various authors, are public diplomacy and information campaigns(Pillar, 2001); legislation; financial controls (Pillar, 2001;Thomas et al. 2004) and socioeconomic development (Lee, 2004;Campbell Flournoy, 2001); use of military force (Netanyahu, 2001;Juergensmeyer, 2001); and creation of a specialized judicial system for terrorism suspects (Hoffman and Morrison, 2000; Netanyahu, 2001; Shapiro Benedict, 2003). International collaboration is also another aspect that has been underscored (Ramsbotham et al., 2011). How much these will be effective in addressing Terrorism in Kenya will be discussed. 3. METHODOLOGY The research plan hopes to achieve the objectives through multiple answering of the research questions thereby coming up with answers that are social science empirical research knowledge. This knowledge will not only make a contribution to what is already known about the nature and dynamics of terrorism in Kenya, but also be valuable in terms of informing policy in Kenya as is synoptically described below. Research Site Areas of Eastern and Northern Kenya and also selected urban places of the country as a whole Population Adult men and women who are knowledgeable direct (experience based) or indirect (Secondary source based) about terrorist and terrorism in Kenya. Strategy One- off cross-sectional survey will be used. Specifically, because the research will be guided by questions and not hypotheses, descriptive rather than analytic cross-sectional survey will be employed in the collection of data from the sampled population. Thus the prime purpose will be to provide descriptive estimates of the purview of actors in terrorism, terror acts and terrorism. Sampling Due in part to opting to be guided by research questions rather than hypotheses, the probability sampling principle will be relaxed in large measure but not totally dispensed with because of the need to provide estimates of parameters of dynamics of terrorism in Kenya, taking into account Kenyas neighbours ( Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda). The Sample will be constructed from individuals well selected purposefully to meet quotas deemed to be important or salient to getting to know and understand terroristic phenomena what they mean, what they entail, what they imply, what they deny, and what to do about them solely in the interest of socio-economic development praxis in Kenya. Data Collection Procedures Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected from respondents through questionnaire, structured and unstructured interview and focus group discussions. Tentative Budget Budget lines Amount in USD Preparation and Development of Research tools 800 Training of Research Assistants 1,200 Field Research 4,500 Technical Assistance for Data Analysis 1,200 Report Writing 400 Validation Workshop 1,000 Printing Binding and Distribution 900 Logistics (Stationary, Communication, Internet) 1,500 Allowance for Lead researcher and Research Assistants 3,500 Grand Total 15,000 Bibligography Barkan, Joel D., and Jennifer G. Cooke.2001. U.S. Policy Towards Kenya in the Wake of September 11, Can Antiterrorist Imperatives be Reconciled with Enduring U.S. Foreign Policy Goals? Africa Center for Strategic Studies web page article on-line. http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/anotes_0112.pdf. Internet.Accessed December 2014. Bjorgo, Tore. 2003. Finding for an International Expert Meeting in Oslo on Terrorism. Conference, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 9-11 June. Norway. Campbell, Kurt M., and Michele A. Flournoy. 2001. To Prevail, An America Strategy for the Campaign against Terrorism. Washington, DC: Center for Africa Strategic Studies. Carson, Johnnie. (2005). Kenya the Struggle Against Terrorism. inRotberg, I. Robert (ed). Battling Terrorism in the Horn of Africa. World Peace Foundation, Brookings Institution Press, Washington DC CIA.The World Factbook.https://www.cia.gov/index.html Cilliers, Jakkie, and Kathryn Sturman. 2002. Africa and Terrorism, Joining the Global Campaign, Monograph 74, July. Pretoria. Institute for Security Studies. Article on web page.Available online from www.iss.co.za/ PUBS/MONOGRAPHS/NO74 /Chap1.html.Internet.Accessed December, 2014. Cliteur, Paul B.(2010) â€Å"Religion and Violence or the Reluctance to Study This Relationship.† Forum Philosophicum15. Crenshaw, Martha.(2000) â€Å"The Psychology of Terrorism: An Agenda for the 21st Century.† Political Psychology 21.2. Downing Wyne.( 2006). Al Qaidas (Mis) Adventures in The Horn of Africa. Harmony Project, Combating Terrorism Centre, Westpoint, USA Ehrlich, Paul R. and Jianguo Liu. (2002)â€Å"Some Roots of Terrorism.†Population and Environment 24.2. Frisch, Hillel. (2005) â€Å"Has the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Become Islamic?Fatah, Islam, and the Al-Aqsa Martyrs’ Brigades.†Terrorism and Political Conflict 17.3. Horowitz, Michael C. (2009)â€Å"Long Time Going: Religion and the Duration of Crusading.† International Security 34.2. IGAD.http://igad.int/ Institute for Economics and Peace. (2004). Five Key Questions Answered on the Link between Peace and Religion. http://www.ecomomicsand peace.org Jackson, Richard. (2007) â€Å"Constructing Enemies: ‘Islamic Terrorism’ in Political and Academic Discourse.†Government and Opposition 42.3 Kruglanski, Arie and Shira Fishman. (2006) â€Å"The Psychology of Terrorism: â€Å"Syndrome† Versus â€Å"Tool† Perspectives.† Terrorism and Political Violence 18 Lecey, Marc. (2004). Threat of Terrorism Hurts Kenya Tourism. The New York Times, January. Available on-line from http://proquest.umi/pqdweb? Mamdani,Mahmood. (2002) â€Å"Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism.† American Anthropologist 104.3. Mousseau, Michael (2002). â€Å"Market Civilization and its Clash With Terror.† International Security 27.3 Moustapha, Hassouna. (2002). Why Radicals Find Fertile Ground in Moderate Kenya, President Bush met with Kenya President Moi to Discuss Security issues. The Christian Science Monitor, 6 December. Article on-line. Available from http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/1206/p07s02-woaf.html.Internet.Accessed December 2014. Muhula, Raymond. (2007). Kenya and the Global war on Terrorism: Searching for a New Role in a New War in Davis, John (ed). Africa on the War on Terrorism, Ashgate, Burlington, USA Netanyahu, Benjamin. (2001). Fighting Terrorism: How Democracies can Defeat the International Terrorist Network. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Pearce, Susanna. â€Å"Religious Rage: A Quantitative Analysis of the Intensity of Religious Conflicts.† Terrorism and Political Conflict 17.3 (2005). Pillar, Paul. (2001). Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. Ramsbotham, O., Woodhouse, T., Miall, H.( 2011) Contemporary Conflict Resolution (3rdedition). Cambridge: Polity Press Rapoport, D. C. (2008).Terrorism.In Lester Kurtz (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, Conflict (2nd edition), Vol. 3 (pp. 2087 – 2104). London, New York, and Amsterdam: Elsevier. Rid, Thomas (2010). â€Å"Cracks in the Jihad.†ASPJ-Africa and Francophonie 1.3 Sandler, T. (2011). New frontiers of terrorism research: An introduction. Journal of Peace Research, 48(3), 279–286. Shapiro, Jeremy, and Benedict Susan. (2003). The French Experience of Counterterrorism. Washington, DC: The International Institute for Strategic Studies. Silberman, Israela,E. Tory Higgins, and Carol S. Dweck (2005). â€Å"Religion and World Change: Violence and Terrorism versus Peace.† Journal of Social Issues 61.4 Thomas, Kean H., Lee H. Hamilton, Ben-Veniste Richard, Kerrey Bob, Lehman F. John, Fielding F. Fred, Roemer J. Timothy, Gorelick S. Jamie, Gorton Slade, and Thomson R. James. (2004). The September 11-Commission Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States Executive Summary. Washington DC: United State Congress. 1

Modernism Essay -- Comparative Literature Essays Papers

Modernism Modernism is defined in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary as "a self-conscious break with the past and a search for new forms of expression." While this explanation does relate what modernism means, the intricacies of the term go much deeper. Modernism began around 1890 and waned around 1922. Virginia Wolf once wrote, "In or about December, 1910, human character changed." (Hurt and Wilkie 1443). D.H. Lawrence wrote a similar statement about 1915: "It was 1915 the old world ended." (Hurt and Wilkie 1444). The importance of the exact dates of the Modernist period are not so relevant as the fact that new ideas were implemented in the era. Ideas that had never before been approached in the world of literature suddenly began emerging in the works of many great authors. Two of the pioneer Modernist writers were Joseph Conrad and T.S. Eliot. The tendencies to question the incontestable beliefs embedded in all thinking and to focus on the inner self dominated. Old viewpoints were tossed aside to make way for the discovery of modern man's personal spirituality. Two works that are considered important forbears in the Modern period are T.S. Eliot's The Wasteland and Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness. One attribute of Modernist writing is Experimentation. This called for using new techniques and disregarding the old. Previous writing was often even considered "stereotyped and inadequate" (Holcombe and Torres). Modern writers thrived on originality and honesty to themselves and their tenets. They wrote of things that had never been advanced before and their subjects were far from those of the past eras. It could be observed that the Modernist writing completely contradicted its predecessors. The past was rejected with vigor and... ...hing, 1971. 37-66. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York: Dover Publications, 1990. Cox, C.B. Joseph Conrad: The Modern Imagination. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1974. Eliot, T.S. Collected Poems. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1936. Holcomb, John, and Patricia Torres. "Modernism in Literature". 2002. LitLangs. 6 September 2003 . Hurt, James, and Brian Wilkie. Literature of the Western World Volume II Neoclassicism Through the Modern Period. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001. Monroe, Harriet. "A Contrast". Poetry A Magazine of Verse XXI (1923): 325-330. Rpt. in Studies in A Waste Land. Ed. Matthew Bruccoli and Joseph Katz. Columbus: Merrill Publishing, 1971. 19-22. Smith, Grover JR. T.S. Eliot's Poetry and Plays. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1956.

Marketing Strategy, Cases

Marketing is a very valuable part of a business; some of the most popular examples of companies who use marketing everyday to help boost sales are McDonald’s, Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and M&M’s. These companies are coming up with new ideas everyday to make the pubic what to buy their products. We know these advertisements and love them. I will discuss some of these examples of marketing and explain why I think marketing is so important. I believe that marketing is the most important part of an organization. It is the main source for getting business. Marketing brings the product to the customer through commercial and advertising, making the consumer want the product, and were to get it. A great example of this is Coca-Cola and Pepsi; there on going rivalry gives the marketing side of their companies something to work with. There are constant taste tests going on, you can go to Schliderbahn and take one. This helps the people pick which one they like best. They also have numerous commercials on prime time Television making the consumer desire to go out and buy a soda. Both Pepsi and Coca-Cola hire famous people to enjoy their product on commercials. This reaches out to us through our heroes and idols. Another great example is McDonald’s they to have commercials enticing the children to come and play and they offer toys in there meals. This gives the children a reason to want to go there and eat. They also hire famous people to enjoy their food on commercials; they also try to incorporate sports into the enticements also. They have catchy songs and jingles that seem to stay with us all through out the day. These are some examples of what I would consider marketing, they are promoting there business through giving the public what they want. â€Å"Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, services, organizations, and events to create and maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives.† -Contemporary Marketing Wired (1998) by Boone and Kurtz. Dryden Press In this definition of marketing it says to me that the objective to marketing is to take the needs of consumers and are incorporated it into their products to boost the organization. I think this is a great definition. When a company is first starting off it needs to reach the public to make its self-known, get its name into the household. By marketing the products that it has it can effectively find their way into the homes if done correctly, making the business successful. Another example of marketing that comes to mind is, M&M’s they not only came up with a catchy slogan â€Å"Melts in your mouth not in your hands† which everyone knows but they come up with different varieties of colors regularly making buying them interesting. The also have sassy commercials making the consumer feel that getting M&M’s will be fun. They have captured the audience with cute characters that can find there way into our pockets. â€Å"Marketing is a function that works to persuade customers to behave in a way that improves a product’s performance.† – Steve Yastrow My personal definition of marketing is the creativity, ideas, and promotional and innovative concepts to help ensure consumer recognition of the product to boost sales and help establish a client base. I think most companies invest a lot of time and money to Marketing their company and it pays off. Those household names that we know best have put their futures in marketing, making the product something desirable and assessable. Marketing can be a powerful tool for a company, using it in an effective way can make or break a company. Marketing offers a huge variety of opportunities to an organization and will benefit the overall success of the products. Honda Marketing Strategy Honda established the American Honda Motor Company as a subsidiary in 1959. During the 1960's the type of motorcycles brought by Americans underwent a major change. Motorcycle registrations increased by over 800,000 in five years from 1960. In the early 60's the major competitors were Haley – Davidson of U.S.A, BSA, Triumph and Norton of the UK and Motto – Guzzi of Italy. Harley-Davidson had the largest market share with sales in 1959 totaling a6.6 million dollars. Many of the motorcycles produced were large and bulky and this led to the image of the motorcycle rider as being one who wore a leather jacket and went out to cause trouble. The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) report was initiated by the British government to study the decline in British motorcycle companies around the world, especially in the USA where sales had dropped from 49 0n 1959 to 9 0n 1973. The two key factors the report identified was the market share loss and profitability declines a scale economy disadvantages in technology, distribution, and manufacturing. The BCG report showed that success of the Japanese manufacturers started with the growth of their own domestic markets. The high production for domestic demand led to Honda experiencing economies of scale as the cost of producing motorbikes declined with the level of output. This provided Honda to achieve a highly competitive cost position, which they used to penetrate into the US market. † The basic philosophy of the Japanese manufacture is that high volumes per model provide the potential for high productivity as a result of using capital intensive and highly automated techniques. Their marketing strategies are therefore directed towards developing these high model volumes, hence the careful attention that we have observed them giving to growth and market share.† (BCG p.59). The report goes on to show how Honda built up engineering competencies through the innovation of Mr Honda. The company also moved away from other companies who relied upon distributors to sell their bikes when the company set up its headquarters in the west coast of America. The BCG found that the motorcycles available before Honda entered the market were for limited group of people such as the police, army etc. But Honda had a â€Å"policy of selling, not primarily to confirmed motorcyclists but rather to members of the general public who had never before given a second thought to a motorcycle†( SP p.116 ). The small, lightweight Honda Super cub sold at under 250 dollars compared to the bigger American or British machines, which were retailing at around 1000 to 1500 dollars. In 1960 Honda's research team comprised of around 700 designer and engineer staff compared to the 100 or so employed by their competitors showing the value, which the company placed on innovation. Production per man-year was 159 units in 1962, a figure not reached by Harley-Davidson until 1974. Honda was following a strategy of developing region by region. Over a period of four to five years they moved from the west coast of America to the east coast. The report showed the emphasis, which Honda paid to advertising when the company spent heavily on the advertising theme â€Å"you meet the nicest people on a Honda† thereby, disassociating themselves from the rowdy, hell's angel’s type of people. Essentially the BCG is portraying Honda as a firm dedicated to being a low cost producer, utilizing its dominant position in Japan to force entry into the U.S market, redefining that market by putting up the nicest people image and exploiting its comparative advantage via aggressive advertising and pricing. Pascal tends to disagree on many points of the BCG report. The report suggests that there was a smooth entry into the U.S market, which led to an instant success. Pascal argues that Honda entered the American market at the end of the motorcycle trade season showing their impotence to carry out research in the new market. As they entered the market at the wrong time sales were not as good as they should have been and any success was not going to be instantaneous. Pascal also criticizes the assumption that Honda was superior to other competitors in productivity. He says that Honda was successful in Japan with productivity but circumstances indicate that the company was not superior. The lack of funding from the ministry of finance and the ploughing back of profits into inventory meant they had a tight budget to follow. The BCG report shows that Honda had a smooth policy of developing region-by-region, moving from the west to the east. Pascal response is that this is partly true but reminds that Hondas advertising was still in Los Angeles in 1963, four years after setting up their subsidiary. The report to the British government showed that Honda had a deliberate strategy of disassociating themselves from the hells angels’ type of people by following the nicest people advertisement policy. Pascal shows that this was not an intentional move since there were disputes within the company with the director of sales eventually persuading to management against their better judgment. The BCG report found Honda pushed into the U.S market with small lightweight motorbikes. However Pascal says this is again not true. He argues the intended strategy was one of promoting the larger 250cc and 350cc as Honda felt that this was what the market wanted since Americans liked all things large. The bikes were unreliable which led to the promotion of the super cubs. These bikes salvaged the reputation of the company. An idea, which hardly came from an inspired idea but one of desperation. Overall Pascal gives the impression that it was through an incidental sequence of events which led to Honda gaining a strong hold in the U.S market, mainly through the unexpected discovery of a large untapped segment of the market while at the same time trying to retain the interest of the current market. The criticism made by Pascal can be further analyzed by looking at the strengths of the Honda Company. The strengths of Honda start with the roles, which the founders played. Honda was an inventive genius with a large ego and a volatile temperament. His main concerns were Not about the profitability of the company or its products, but rather to show his innovative ability by producing better engines. Fujisawa on the other hand thought about the financial section of the company and how to market the ideas. He often challenged  Honda to come up with better engines. By specializing in their own abilities the two of them were able to pool together resources and function effectively as a team. Another strength was the way the company utilized its market position. Strengths in design advantages and production methods meant they were able to increases sales in Japan even though there was no organization within the company. Once there was a large enough demand for its products, mainly the super cub, Honda both in Japan and in America, moved from a sale on consignment basis to one that required cash on delivery. This seemed a very risky decision to make at the time but within three years they had changed the pattern within the motorcycle industry by shifting the power relationship from the dealer to the manufacturer. Mr. Honda had cultivated a â€Å"success against all odds† culture into the company. This was tested when he sent two executives to the U.S with no strategy other than to see if they could sell something. The weaknesses within an organization can become irrelevant if the strategy is strong and there is good leadership. An element of luck also helped Honda follow an emerging strategy. Restrictions placed on funds by the government for the U.S venture forced Honda to take an alternative route. If they had all the funds necessary they may well have gone through the normal distribution channels. Honda entered the us market right at the end of the motorcycle trade season. When leaking oil and clutch problems occurred on their bikes it did not affect Honda as hard as it would have had they entered in the beginning of the season. Also people noticing the Super cubs led the company to produce a bike, which was not at first supported by senior management. The success of Honda was not the result of senior management coming up with all the answers. In fact senior executives in most Japanese manufacturing companies do not take their strategic positions too seriously. Salesman, cleaners and those working on the manufacturing floor all contribute to the company is run and thereby influence its strategic position. It is this ability of an organization to move ideas from the tom to the bottom and back again in continuous dialogue that the company values the greatest. As a conclusion it is necessary to consider the theoretical side of Hondas strategy and see whether the company was in fact following a model. The first model is the Andrew's model. Andrew came up with the idea that there were two stages to corporate strategy, formulation and implementation. Formulation involved looking at the market, competitors and resources and formulating a corporate strategy, which would be implemented throughout each process of the organizational structure. This model was also supported by Porter. This is how the BCG saw Honda, as a corporation, who had looked at the market, formulated a strategy to cope with the environment and competition pressures and implemented it, making all Hondas plans and activities deliberate. The second model known as the emergent strategy portrays a different image to the Andrews model and shows how Pascal viewed Honda. The model shows a realized strategy made up from an intended strategy together with an emergent strategy, which is not planned but emerges in relation to activities within the environment.

Laura Lee Rose on Career Coaching

Laura Lee Rose on Career Coaching Laura Lee Rose is a career expert and the head of Rose Coaching. She  teaches job seekers both in person and online how to more effectively find a career. She took a moment to discuss why and when you might need a career coach. Why is career coaching so important in the current job market?If you have a coach, you are 95% more likely to achieve your goals. A career coach offers objective assessments and career advancement guidance to help you:Reassess life goals and develop action plansProvide balance between work and lifeStrategize how to deal with stressful situationsMake professional and life decisionsPrioritize projects and timelinesImprove business and working relationshipsAvoid urgent situations involving high risks or challengesIdentify core strengths and maximize their potentialSimplify life to reduce stress and increase productivityManage your time  wiselyHow has searching for a job changed over the last few years?In today’s economy, employees are interested in the Total Package. It’s not enough to be technically savvy or an expert in your specific role. Since companies are in the business to make money, you also need to be able to tangibly illustrate how you can make the company money. You need to be able to quantify your performance against the company’s mission and goals. Soft skills, business networking, marketing and lead generation have become important differentials in individual resumes, regardless of the role or job title.What misconceptions about finding a job are you finding out there?The old chronological format is no longer a sufficient resume format. Merely listing previous job titles and task lists will not set you apart from the crowd. Incorporating self-authored short videos, articles, and presentations to quickly illustrate your expertise, personality, and passion for your craft has much more impact.People do business with people they know, like, and trust. Therefore, business networking has also been elevated in finding a job. Social media and LinkedIn applications make it easier to find the right people to connect with.How has technology changed the job search?As mentioned above, you now have multiple ways for prospective employers to get to know you. This is a two-edged sword. While you can show your expertise and promote yourself as an authority in your craft, you can also be caught off-guard. Mixing your professional contacts with your family/friend contacts on Facebook brings along its share of risks.In the old days, it was simpler to keep your private life private. With today’s technology, individuals now need to be mindful of keeping work and personal life both separate and professional.What trends in hiring and human resources should we watch out for?Since many global organizations conduct business via Skype/webcam, teleconferences, and web conference, hiring strategies will start incorporating web conference technology in both their hiring and their  the performance eva luation practices. Since many organizations will be hiring remote employees, more focus will be placed on remote employee procedures and how to better manage/evaluate remote employees.Part of the reference checks will include social media checks as well, which is why I recommend individuals keep their personal and professional social media separate.

A Custom Definition Essay Example About Respect Writing Assistance

A Custom Definition Essay Example About Respect Writing Assistance WHAT WE HAVENT HEARD ABOUT RESPECT BEFORE One of the most important ways of establishing and maintaining lasting relationships both at home and at work is having respect for oneself and others. The term respect refers the recognition of the values of people and things and treating them with care and concern. It means having a deep admiration for someone or something. This admiration stems from the accomplishments, abilities and the qualities of a person. Additionally, respect encapsulates the way one thinks about someone or something. For instance, an employer can be said to have respect for his employees if he admires their abilities and accomplishments in the workplace and treats them well. Respect determines the way in which a person lives as well as the interaction with other members of the society. Respect for oneself, for instance, restrains a person from engaging in risk-taking behaviors that can cause the destruction of both the body and mind. Moreover, having respect for each other at home, in the workplace and in the society at large help in reducing conflicts, disagreements and misunderstandings thus contributing to peaceful coexistence and a harmonious society. One can also demonstrate respect for things because of the inherent values they have. The fundamentals of respect, consequently, remain constant whether a person or an item is in question. Respect plays a central role in building and maintaining healthy and lasting relationships. First, respect helps in establishing open communication between the parties in relationships. In families, for instance, having respect helps the members to be trustworthy, honest and straight forward. This way they are capable of abiding by the family rules and living peacefully. Additionally, open communication emanating from respect is useful in the workplaces. Respect enables the employers and employees alike, to communicate with each other in a professional and honest manner. This way, people feel free to convey their opinions and ideas in without being interrupted. Secondly, respect is significant in building trust in relationships. The flourishing of relationships, whether family, business, intimate or working relationships depends on trust. Respect for oneself and others can help in building trust. Â  An employee who fulfills the responsibilities and delivers in time because of the respect for his job and employers, for example, is capable of gaining the trust of the employees. Consequently, the employee has higher chances of being promoted. Additionally, having respect in relationships results in trust between couples making them have better and healthier relationships. Moreover, respect is important in relationships since it is the key to happiness. Having respect for others enables a person to become more tolerant and embrace people’s differences. Additionally, respecting the views and beliefs of others limits conflicts and confrontations among the people. The result is the peaceful coexistence between people that gives them inner peace, contentment, and happiness. Furthermore, having respect for other people boosts their esteem since they feel appreciated. One of the ways of becoming more respectful to others is honesty. Honesty comprises vital traits like truthfulness, straightforwardness, and integrity. It is important to realize that people would like to be dealt with honestly. Therefore, showing respect for others entails being honest in words and actions. Additionally, one should be responsible for their words and make people know that they are reliable. An additional approach of displaying respect to others is by exhibiting kindness. When dealing with family, friends or colleagues, showing kindness makes them feel appreciated and loved. One of the ways of showing kindness to others is watching one’s tone when addressing others. It is important to note that no one wants to be ordered around and using the golden words such as please and thank you can aid in showing respect. Obedience is another way through which one can show respect to others. If asked by an elderly person or a person in authority to do something which is not harmful or immoral, one should obey and follow the instructions. Other ways of being more respectful are; taking care of one’s mess, exercising fairness, courtesy, avoiding putting blames on others and listening to others without interrupting. Personally, I think respect means accepting people for who they are and learning to live with them harmoniously despite our differences. It involves embracing other people’s strengths and weaknesses without prejudice. By learning to accept other people, we reduce our engagements in conflicts and other disrespectful behaviors such as name calling and hauling insults at each other. The end result is a cohesive and harmonious society.

CyberLaw & the use of cookies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CyberLaw & the use of cookies - Essay Example Many of the e-commerce sites directly ask users for personal information such as name, date of birth, e-mail address, credit card details etc, through forms which the users need to fill up online. However, in addition to such information, many sites also record data about their users browsing habits. This data can be matched with personal and demographic information to create a profile of user preferences. This information collected by theses sites might be used to target advertising or offer customized services. Or, sites might engage in web lining, where different users are offered different prices based on their profiles (Lin, N.D). Unauthorized access to personal information on the Internet remains relatively easy in the absence of encryption technology. Encryption is the process of obscuring data to make it unreadable without special knowledge or technology. Encryption is the method used to protect communications for centuries. But only organizations and individuals with an extraordinary need for privacy had made use of the technology for example: Government establishment, Banks etc. Now a days encryption technology is used in protecting widely-used systems, such as Internet e-commerce, mobile telephone networks and bank ATM. Encryption can be used to ensure secrecy, but other techniques are still needed to make communications secure, particularly to verify the integrity and authenticity of a message (Wikipedia, 2006). Whether or not the exposure of privacy on the Internet is overstated, it is undisputed that there are security risks associated with its use. It is safer to assume, for the present, that the Internet is not yet a secure medium over which to communicate financial and personal information without having due consideration of the risks and legal issues involved. Apart from traditional privacy concerns like surveillance and unauthorized access to information, the

International Economic Growth (Economics) Essay

International Economic Growth (Economics) - Essay Example It has been destroyed about 30 % of basic industry equipment. After numerous bombing Nagasaki and Hiroshima has been almost purely ruinous. The capital of the country, Tokyo, has stayed in ruin. There has been demobilized about 9 million soldiers, moreover 1.5 million people has entered the country as refugees. The inflation has reached 5000 %. There has been overall shortage of goods and materials. There has been a great dearth. The value of the yen to the dollar has been constantly falling down that has evidenced that financial system of the state has been completely unsettled. Notwithstanding Japanese people has felt release with the end and war. The society has been full of optimistic expectations. Everybody has been equally poor, and everybody has had the same chances. They have started everything from the very beginning. The great role of Japan economics development has been played by Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). It seems like no other governmental regulation or organization had more economic impact than this ministry. "The particular speed, form, and consequences of Japanese economic growth are not intelligible without reference to the contributions of MITI" (Johnson, 1982). The main achievement of Japan government that time has been an efficient cooperation between the Japanese government and private industry. The other scholar, David R. Henderson, considers that "MITI plans for industry growth, and sometimes gets other agencies to use their powers to carry out the plans, the extent of MITI's control, and of government control generally, has been greatly exaggerated". It should be mentioned that in period 1955 -1973, Japan government has had six different National Economic Plans. But without exception actual growth rates have exceeded those required to fulfill the plan's targets. This is evidence that the plans themselves were not responsible. The course that has been chosen for the state's development to some extent may seem paradoxical: To cut the program of industry funding in order to take inflation under control; To eliminate the dependence of enterprises development on external source of financing; To state fixed value of yen to a dollar. These sanctions have created severe conditions for those industry branches, which have been subsidized with the help of foreign or governmental sources of financing. The position has been more aggravated in result of division of such big monopolistic incorporations like "Mitsui", "Mitsubishi", and "Sumitomo". The point is that in result of such division there have been broken numerous connections with providers of raw products. In this sphere they have has to start everything from the very beginning too. The program of development, which taken a lot of companies over a rough road, has followed the aim to stop the hasty growth of prices. The numerous companies' bankruptcy has been seen as less harmful for the economy as engrossing inflation. Reduce of market for the goods resulted decrease. But there has been any assurance that Japan economics would stand the test of conjuncture degradation. The market changes resulted by the war in Korea has saved a lot of Japan companies. The boom has lasted for a year, and then another decline has come. The question of vital importance has become a long-term economics development, and its